Consistent with the observation in vitro, transplantation of SCDAL shRNA hES‐MSCs resulted in a marked decrease in cardiac functional recovery after MI, as evidenced by attenuated myocardial function (EF, FS, and ±dp/dt; Figure 2E–H; Figure S5A, Supporting Information), greater infarct area and fibrotic area (Figure 2I–L), as well as lower CD31+ capillary and SMA+ arteriole densities in both border and infarct areas of the infarcted hearts four weeks post infarction (Figure 2M,N,Q; Figure S5B, Supporting Information), as compared with shRNA ctrl hES‐MSC transplantation. The gene discussed is SCDAL; the disease is infarction.