PMAIP1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Our results showed an upregulation of the mRNA of the pro-apoptotic regulator NOXA (Fig. 2B, right panel) but not of other pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family, e.g., BIM, PUMA, BAX, or BAD (Supplemental Fig. 2), in sorafenib-treated HCC tissues, which responded to sorafenib and TRAIL, as compared to HCC tissues resistant to this treatment combination.