NFE2L2 and chronic kidney disease: In contrast, an analysis of 20 patients on hemodialysis, 20 additional patients with nondialysis-requiring CKD, and 11 healthy individuals that included evaluation of Nrf2 and NF-κB expression with real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that Nrf2 gene expression was reduced and NF-κB expression increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients on hemodialysis compared with those from healthy individuals and patients with nondialysis-requiring CKD.93