A CCR2 antagonist (propagermanium) protected the kidneys in type 1 diabetic mice overexpressing type 2 nitric-oxide synthase (191), MCP-1/CCL2 gene deletion decreased glomerular and interstitial macrophage accumulation and fibrosis in murine STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy (192), and the MCP-1/CCL2 antagonistic Spiegelmer mNOX-E36 (emapticap pegol) reduced the number of glomerular macrophages and improved glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in uninephrectomized db/db mice (193) and in STZ- diabetic ApoE knockout mice (194). Here, CCR2 is linked to diabetic kidney disease.