Markers associated with activation showed a significant increase in ESCC, including CD44 (Schumann et al., 2015), CD109 (Haregewoin et al., 1994), and CD70 (Brugnoni et al., 1997; Tesselaar et al., 2003; Supplementary Figures 13E–G). The gene discussed is CD44; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.