IL17A and colorectal carcinoma: Bacteroides fragilis was found to induce CRC by secretion of a 20 kDa metalloprotease toxin and activation of c-Myc expression and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17 and IL-8, as well as the RHEB/mTOR pathway (Sears, 2001; Wu et al., 2003; Hwang et al., 2013; Geis et al., 2015; Chung et al., 2018; Bao et al., 2019).