TNF and neoplasm: Signaling by the inflammatory cytokines induced by NF-kB including IL-1, IL-6, TNF, IL-8, IL-17, IFN-γ, and CCL-5 among others (23) promotes tumor growth by induction of cell proliferation (24) in both autocrine and paracrine manners (25).The local senescence cells secrete the senescence-associated secretary phenotype (SASP), which includes a vast array of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, CXCL-1, and CXCL-2, that is capable of inducing tumorigenesis in a paracrine fashion (26).