Consistently with our working hypothesis (30), we observed that microdose sc curcumin treatment promoted a more balanced proinflammatory/regulatory response, in both atherosclerosis and EAE models, as indicated by a lower frequency of Th1 cells (Figure 3A), mitigation of proinflammatory Th1/Th17 responses (Figure 4E and Supplementary Figure S4E), increased frequency of IL-10-producing tolDC/Bregs and Tregs (Figures 3B, C), upregulated IL-10 production (Figure 4E), and significant atheroprotection (Figure 1) and neuroprotection (Figures 4B–D and Supplementary Figure S4B–D). Here, IL10 is linked to atherosclerosis.