AHR and Autoimmunity: Our previous studies have shown that Kyn may be used as a suppressive adjuvant to reduce the immunogenicity of HAV, a TD antigen, in vivo, and LPS, a TI antigen, in vitro (48). As an endogenous ligand of AHR, Kyn can activate the AHR signaling pathway and may control immunity and autoimmunity while providing us with a new opportunity for autoimmune disease therapeutic.