In line, human serum albumin (HSA) levels, which reflect the amount of human hepatocytes in chimeric mouse livers, remained stable throughout the course of infection with both HDV-1cc and HDV-3cc (Supplementary Figure 3B), indicating that neither HBV/HDV-1cc nor HBV/HDV-3cc co-infections promote detectable cell death in USG mice. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is infection.