SIGMAR1 and neurodegenerative disease: This antagonism by Sigmar1 on VDCC and calcium current were used to treat painful neuropathies, reduce the unwanted increase in vascular permeability and angiogenesis, target excitotoxicity-induced neurodegenerative disease, and confer neuroprotection (Katnik et al., 2006; Amer et al., 2013; Pan et al., 2014).