GH1 and cancer: Population-based cohorts, long-term surveillance studies from pharmaceutical companies and collaborative international cohort studies, including SAGhE (Safety and Appropriateness of Growth Hormone Treatments in Europe, with 396,344 person-years, averaging 16.5 years per patient), showed that the overall risk of primary cancer was not increased in patients who had received GH treatment and who did not have previous risk factors for malignancy.