Thus, our animal study demonstrating induction of neuroinflammation by HIV-1 gp120 protein, as evidenced by the enhanced activation of microglial cells and astrocytes, increased COX-2 and iNOS expression, and the release of the several cytokines, supports the clinical findings regarding the correlation between HIV-1 infection and AD. The gene discussed is ITIH4; the disease is HIV-1 infection.