TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: Significantly elevated levels of TNFα (p = 7.5398E−06), IFNγ (p = 0.0123), IL-10 (p = 0.0239), TGFβ (p = 1.47303E−06), and sRANKL (p = 0.0234) were observed in RA patients compared to healthy controls (Fig. 1c).