Of those, 31 replicated in ≥ 3 independent transcriptional profiles (Rep31), with six genes (ALDH2, APLN, GAL3ST1, HS6ST2, PANK1 and PCSK9) showing concordant regulation across studies, substantiating their pathophysiological relevance in ADPKD (Figs. 6a,b, S6b,c). The gene discussed is GAL3ST1; the disease is autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.