Figure 2 shows adjusted mean concentrations of SM C16:1 (residuals) across categories of variables for which a statistically significant association was detected after correction of P values (from F-tests) for multiple tests and shows P for linear trend (all < 0.01) for these variables: leptin, adiponectin, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol (direct associations), total/HDL cholesterol ratio, triglycerides, glucose, and number of components for metabolic syndrome (inverse associations). This evidence concerns the gene LEP and metabolic syndrome.