Concerning the detected post-traumatic loss of the C3aR along with the C5aR1 on PMN, this could be further developed as a monitoring tool, as for the C5aR1 in critically ill patients, the loss of C5aR on PMN correlated with an enhanced risk for nosocomial infections [40] and development of multiple-organ failure [41]. Here, C5AR1 is linked to nosocomial infection.