✓ Activates AMPK pathway✓ Attenuates inflammation and insulin resistance by phosphorylating IRS-1, Akt and dephosphorylate extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), JNK and NF-κB ✓ Inhibits oxidative-nitrosative stress✓ Increases blood insulin level✓ Improves β-cell survival✓ Suppresses fatty acid synthesis and increasing mitochondrial –β oxidation. The gene discussed is IRS1; the disease is Insulin resistance.