Considering the roles played by Chk1 and Chk2 in the response to DNA damage, inhibition of Chk1 and/or Chk2 may improve the efficacy of anticancer agents that damage DNA and are, thus, an attractive target for the development of new anticancer drugs (see Reference [73] for a review of Chk1 and Chk2 inhibition in cancer). The gene discussed is CHEK2; the disease is cancer.