Initial studies in a LHON iPSC model carrying homoplasmic double mtDNA mutations in MT-ND1 and MT-ND6 determined that their differentiation efficiency to retinal ganglion cells (iPSC-RGCs) was unaffected, but apoptosis was more prominent in these cells when compared to both a non-isogenic control and a cybrid corrected isogenic control [64]. This evidence concerns the gene MCAT and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.