STAT1 and colonic neoplasm: In the context of colon cancer, STAT1 is an antioncogenic molecule that acts in part through upregulating caspases [30], enhancing the expression of apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) [31] and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors [32], increasing phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) class IB signaling, downregulating the programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) [33], enhancing the expression of the death receptor FAS and its ligand FASL [34], and downregulating the BCL2 family [2].