A few genes affected by germline variants were previously found to be involved in familial cancers, such as PARK2 [36] and WIF1 [37], while others are known to be tumour suppressor genes involved in the p53 pathway, including LEF1, NUMA1, BUB1B/BUBR1, CARM1, EP300, GTSE1 and MYH9 (Supplementary Table S4b). Here, GTSE1 is linked to hereditary cancer.