Small-molecule inhibitors of the serine dipeptidases DPP8 and DPP9 (DPP8/9) activated CARD8 and caspase-1 to trigger pyroptosis in the majority of human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) [85] (Table 2), indicating the protein CARD8 could be a novel therapeutic target for AML. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.