MMP9 and neoplasm: Despite promising results in preclinical studies, such as the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effect on tumor cell spread of the MMP-9 inhibitor in colorectal cancer [336], clinical trials using MMP inhibitors, e.g., Tanomastat, Prinomastat, Rebimastat were unsuccessful and mostly stopped in phase III because they showed severe side effects, no improvement of patient survival and no reduction of tumor growth [333].