MAPK8 and Alzheimer disease: JNK phosphorylation (activation) is elevated in neurons showing early signs of Aβ1-42 accumulation in AD and is also increased in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in later stage AD (Del Villar and Miller 2004; Swatton et al. 2004; Mufson et al. 2012), and JNKs are considered as potential therapeutic targets (Yarza et al. 2016).