CCL2 and diabetes mellitus: SGLT2 inhibitors reduce nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and other inflammatory factors implicated in DKD pathogenesis in experimental models of diabetes and in T2DM patients (Dekkers et al. 2018; Mancini et al. 2018).