On the other hand, V-ATPase activity is required for necrosis-like death of yeast cells and Caenorhabditis elegans neurons induced by stress (Syntichaki et al., 2005; Kim et al., 2012) and killing human cancer cell lines with CDK4/6 inhibitors (Hino et al., 2020), likely by creating an acidic environment that mediates specific cell death pathways. Here, CDK4 is linked to cancer.