PRKN and Parkinson disease: FBXO7 recruits parkin into damaged mitochondria and facilitates its aggregation, but overexpression of FBXO7 can still rescue DA neuron degeneration in parkin null Drosophila (Burchell et al., 2013; Zhou et al., 2016) and restore PD phenotype in the absence of parkin, indicating FBXO7 mediates neuroprotective effects via a parkin-independent pathway (Burchell et al., 2013).