They further demonstrated that EV‐associated miR‐503 promotes reprogramming of microglia from an M1 to an M2 phenotype by modulating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) pathways, followed by enhancing their programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression that facilitates local immune suppression and tumour growth (Xing et al., 2018). Here, STAT3 is linked to neoplasm.