PTK2 and cancer: Zhang F. et al. (2016) and Wu et al. (2018) both reported that solanine up-regulated miR-138 with anti-proliferative and chemosensitizing effects in lung adenocarcinoma cells and esophageal cancer respectively. On lung adenocarcinoma cells, solanine was cytotoxic by itself and also improved chemosensitivity to cisplatin. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) levels, a protein involved in cellular adhesion that was investigated as a potential therapeutic target for lung (Kawashima and Kurokawa, 1983) and breast (Baraka and Serhal, 1989; Zhang S. et al., 2017) cancer (among others), were down-regulated.