Given that Csf1r inhibitors have been shown to prevent AD-related microgliosis and partially ameliorate disease pathology in vivo33–36 it would be interesting to see if Csf1R protein was affected in Spi1 shRNA infected microglia and if the reduction in PU.1 had a similar impact to Csf1r inhibitors on disease progress. The gene discussed is CSF1R; the disease is Alzheimer disease.