To support our hypothesis, we analyzed the survival probability of multiple types of cancer patients in the TCGA database, showing that lower HSP90AA1 expression predicted better survival and prognosis in ESCC, EAC, head-neck squamous cell carcinoma, and liver cancer (Fig. 5j and Supplementary Fig. 21e–g). Here, HSP90AA1 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.