Targeted therapies (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor receptor [VEGFR] tyrosine kinase inhibitors [TKIs] and mammalian target of rapamycin [mTOR] inhibitors) have been the standard of care for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) since 2008 in Japan [1]. The gene discussed is MTOR; the disease is renal cell carcinoma.