All IAP proteins contain one to three baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) domains that interact with their binding proteins, while some of them [cellular IAP1(c-IAP1), c-IAP2, X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP), and melanoma IAP (ML-IAP)] also contain a RING finger domain, which provides an E3 ubiquitin ligase activity (Cohen and Tcherpakov, 2010; Itoh et al., 2010; Fulda and Vucic, 2012; Ohoka et al., 2017b). The gene discussed is BIRC3; the disease is melanoma.