CD8A and Patent ductus arteriosus: Using a combination of mass cytometry, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and multiplex immunohistochemistry, we found increased markers of CD8+ T cell dysfunction with an up-regulation of TIGIT in PDA compared to non-malignant pancreas samples; further, the dysfunctional status of CD8+ T cells was more pronounced at later stages of carcinogenesis (11).