TLR3 and neoplasm: Fibroblasts express both chains of the IL-27-receptor, WSX-1 and Gp130, and respond to IL-27 with STAT-1 activation and increased expression of IL-6, CXCL10 and ICAM-1.63,64 While several studies have shown responsiveness of fibroblasts to IL-27, evidence of IL-27 production by fibroblasts has only been reported in response to the synthetic TLR3 ligand poly I:C.65 Collectively these studies indicate fibroblast responses to IL-27 have the potential to impact both tumor cell growth and T cell responses.