Alcohol also directly upregulates SREBP-1c expression to cause liver steatosis by inhibiting genes regulating SREBP-1c, such as Sirtuin1 (Sirt1), adiponectin, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) (Horiguchi et al., 2008; You et al., 2008; You and Rogers, 2009). This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and Hepatic steatosis.