In addition, FTD and ALS share neuropathological similarities: ~ 95% of ALS and ~ 50% of FTD patients show cytoplasmic inclusions of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in the brain5,6, while ~ 5% of ALS and ~ 10% of FTD patients show cytoplasmic inclusions of fused in sarcoma protein (FUS)6–8. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.