In this study, we observed that serum eotaxin has diagnostic value in ESCC with an AUC of 0.588, a specificity of 82.44%, and a sensitivity of 34.50%, and IP‐10 has an AUC of 0.590, a specificity of 84.9%, and a sensitivity of 30.05%. The gene discussed is CCL11; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.