CHUK and infection: Consistent with the effect of the wild-type OV-SY17 virus on NF-κB activation, the revertant OV-SY17-RV120 virus was found to have the ability to compensate for the low levels of NF-κB-related protein phosphorylation, namely, for IKKα/β, IκBα, and NF-κB-p65, and to activate the NF-κB signaling pathway in the early phase of infection (Fig. 6A).