ACE and kidney failure: These factors were age ≥65, central obesity, history of heart failure, history of renal failure, taking angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB), previous myocardial infarction, having pre-procedure IV fluids, procedure time >20 minutes, volume of contrast >100 ml, having 3-vessel disease on angiogram, and having >3 days post procedure hospital stay.