In addition to issues with the coverage of and compliance with iron folic acid (IFA) supplementation programs, an important reason for the apparent failure to reduce the prevalence of anemia is that many programs are designed with the assumption that the only cause of anemia is iron deficiency (ID).2 However, projections of prevalence derived from the concentration of hemoglobin (Hb) alone do not allow for this conclusion and ignore the role of other causes.2 The gene discussed is GSTM1; the disease is anemia.