PTEN and melanoma: By comparing the BRAF inhibitor-resistant melanoma with wild-type and impaired PTEN, we found that the hyperactivation of both ERK and AKT pathways was associated with BRAFi resistance in melanoma with wild-type PTEN and identified the critical role of the AXL/AKT axis in mediating the resistance to BRAFi in BRAFV600E mutant melanoma with wild-type PTEN26,27.