TLR4 and inflammatory response: In a rat model, EA applied at the ST36 and SP6 attenuated lung injury, and decreased the secretion of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and myeloperoxidase, as well as the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB in the lung tissue, indicating that EA can reduce pulmonary inflammation induced by limb I/R injury, possibly via the inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway [63].