In conclusion, the gene-expression signature predominant in livers of BALB/c mice 10 days after infection with L. infantum is characterized by the overrepresentation of IL12-mediated signaling events (FDR=0.003) with the strong upregulation of Il12rb2, Ifng, Nos2, Il12rb1, and Il12b. This evidence concerns the gene NOS2 and infection.