In AML with NPM1 mutations, a specific miRNA-based expression signature was revealed with upregulation of miR-10a and b, members of the let-7 and miR-29 families, miR-15a/16-1 and miR-17-18a-19a-20a clusters, and downregulation of miR-204 and miR-128a, predicted to target HOX genes known to be upregulated in NPM1 mutated AML [114,115]. The gene discussed is NPM1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.