CCL2 and systemic lupus erythematosus: In this line, in a study including a total of 87 patients with SLE, MCP-1 was measured in urine using the FIDIS multiplex bead assay, together with normal T cells expressed and secreted [118], soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNF-R1), interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), monocyte inhibitory protein 1α (MIP-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).