The Ts model recapitulates many of the neurological deficits seen in DS and AD, including hippocampal-dependent learning and memory deficits, BFCN degeneration and septo-hippocampal circuit dysfunction, notably CA1 pyramidal neuron and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity deficits [18,19,20,21,22,23]. This evidence concerns the gene CHAT and Alzheimer disease.