REG3A and pyelonephritis: These included adhesins belonging to the Afa/Dr family (daaF and afaA/nfaE) [42], the self-recognizing adhesin, antigen 43 involved in cell aggregation (flu) [43], the P fimbriae involved in adherence in pyelonephritis (pap operon) [44] and the common E. coli pilus (ecpA) [44].