Indeed, p53 participates in the transcription of several renal disease-causative genes including CNN2, collagen I and SERPINE1 (PAI-1) underscoring the complexities of non-canonical pathways in TGF-β1-induced fibrosis (Kodama et al., 2011; Elston and Inman, 2012; Overstreet et al., 2014, 2015). Here, TP53 is linked to kidney disorder.